Configure Cisco SLT
Configuring a MTP2 backhaul with Cisco SLT requires configuring both ends, applying configuration and checking the state of the links.
IMPORTANT: Cisco gateways support a maximum of 4 SS7 links.
This is enough for small configurations but insufficient to correctly connect to multiple providers. Therefore for flexibility it is desirable to have several smaller gateways rather than a big one.
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Cisco configuration
Here is a fragment of the Cisco configuration for an AS5350 or AS5400XM fitted with a card with 4 or more E1 ports:
! controller E1 1/0 channel-group 0 timeslots 1 ds0-group 1 timeslots 2-31 type none service mgcp ! controller E1 1/1 channel-group 0 timeslots 1 ds0-group 1 timeslots 2-31 type none service mgcp ! controller E1 1/2 ds0-group 1 timeslots 1-31 type none service mgcp ! controller E1 1/3 ds0-group 1 timeslots 1-31 type none service mgcp ! interface Serial1/0:0 no ip address encapsulation ss7 channel-id 0 ! interface Serial1/1:0 no ip address encapsulation ss7 channel-id 1 ! ss7 session 0 address a.b.c.d 4001 w.x.y.z 4000 session-set 0
In the example above two E1 trunks are configured for SS7 signaling (on timeslot 1) and MGCP controlled voice on the remaining timeslots 2 to 31. The third and fourth E1s are used only for voice.
For a T1 controller the timeslots of each port are in range 1 to 24 but otherwise the configuration is similar.
The name of each controller depends on the board and port location. 1/2 means port number two (that is, third as they start counting with zero) of board in slot number one.
Replace a.b.c.d 4001 with the IP and port of the Yate end of the RUDP connection. Instead of w.x.y.z 4000 set the IP and port of the Cisco side of RUDP.
IMPORTANT: The number of the signaling channel-group must be the timeslot number minus one.
If you had signaling on timeslots 16 then you would need channel-group 15
Yate configuration
The matching ciscosm.conf on the Yate side would look like this:
[sample_session] local_host=a.b.c.d local_port=4001 remote_host=w.x.y.z remote_port=4000 [link1] session=sample_session channel=0 [link2] session=sample_session channel=1
The Session Manager sample_session defines the RUDP connection to Cisco. Normally you should have only one session between one Yate and one Cisco. You can have separate connections to more gateways and also each gateway may talk to different controllers, each in a separate section.
Each SS7 MTP2 link has a reference to the connection and an unique channel number - you should assign these channel numbers sequentially starting with zero. The names of these link sections are arbitrary, they will be referenced from ysigchan.conf in sections type ss7-mtp3.
Status on Cisco
There are several specific IOS commands to show the state of links and session in Cisco:
show ss7 mtp1 links show ss7 mtp1 channel-id show ss7 mtp2 state show ss7 mtp2 stats show ss7 mtp2 ccb show ss7 mtp2 timers show ss7 mtp2 variant show ss7 sm session show ss7 sm set show ss7 sm stats
First check the state of the E1 controllers, check if they are up or down or experience errors:
show controller E1 1/0
Then verify the virtual serial interfaces have started:
Router#show ss7 mtp1 links
SS7 MTP1 Links [num = 2, platform max = 4]:
session session
interface type SCC state channel set
--------- -------- --- ------------ ------- -------
1/0:0 digital 3/3 STARTED 0 0
1/0:1 digital 3/2 STARTED 1 0
IMPORTANT: There are some buggy versions of firmware where the serials will show STOPPED after a reload even
if the configuration was saved to flash. These versions are unusable for normal operation but just for tests you can issue a "no shutdown" command on each such serial interface.
You should then check the MTP2 Channel allocation to interfaces and timeslots:
Router#show ss7 mtp1 channel-id
SS7 MTP1 Session-channel [all]:
channel assigned interface
------- ------------------
0 1/0:0 (digital)
1 1/1:0 (digital)
Then check the session's RUDP configuration:
Router#show ss7 sm session
Session[0]: Remote Host a.b.c.d:4001, Local Host w.x.y.z:4000
retrans_t = 600 milliseconds
cumack_t = 300 milliseconds
kp_t = 2000 milliseconds
m_retrans = 2
m_cumack = 3
m_outseq = 3
m_rcvnum = 32
Statistics and failures for the RUDP protocol:
Router#show rudpv0 statistics *** RUDP Internal Stats **** Connection ID: 630E25D8, Current State: OPEN RcvdInSeq 269 RcvdOutOfSeq 25 SoftResets 1 SoftResetsRcvd 0 TotalPacketsSent 722 TotalPacketsReceived 560 TotalDataBytesSent 11564 TotalDataBytesReceived 9706 TotalDataPacketsSent 382 TotalDataPacketsReceived 294 TotalPacketsRetrans 5 TotalPacketsDiscarded 8 Cumulative RudpV0 Statistics RcvdInSeq 269 RcvdOutOfSeq 25 SoftResets 1 SoftResetsRcvd 0 TotalPacketsSent 722 TotalPacketsReceived 560 TotalDataBytesSent 11564 TotalDataBytesReceived 9706 TotalDataPacketsSent 382 TotalDataPacketsReceived 294 TotalPacketsRetrans 5 TotalPacketsDiscarded 8
Router#show rudpv0 failures **** RUDP Failure Stats **** CreateBufHdrsFailure 0 CreateConnRecsFailure 0 CreateEventsFailure 0 NotReadyFailures 0 OptionNotSupportedFailures 0 OptionRequiredFailures 0 GetConnRecFailures 0 InvalidConnFailures 0 EventUnavailFailures 0 EmptyBufferSendFailures 0 BufferTooLargeFailures 0 ConnNotOpenFailures 0 SendWindowFullFailures 0 GetBufHdrSendFailures 0 GetDataBufFailures 0 GetBufHdrFailures 0 SendEackFailures 0 SendAckFailures 0 SendSynFailures 0 SendRstFailures 0 SendNullFailures 0 TimerNullFailures 0 FailedRetransmits 0 IncomingPktsDropped 0 UnknownRudpEvents 0
Operational state of the session and the links controlled by it:
Router#show ss7 sm set 0
Session-set: 0
State = ACTIVE
Failover-timer = 5 secs.
State-debugging = OFF
Timer-debugging = OFF
1 Sessions:
session 0 session-state ACTIVE remote-host a.b.c.d:4001
2 SS7 Links:
1/0:0 (dig.) chan-id 0 variant ITU-White link-state INSERVICE
1/1:0 (dig.) chan-id 1 variant ITU-White link-state INSERVICE
If instead of ACTIVE you see OPENING the RUDP parameters (addresses, ports) are incorrect or a firewall may block UDP packets.
On a typical Linux system a firewall can be temporarily disabled by issuing the command:
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
You would need to permanently disable the firewall, for example by stopping the iptables service from starting at startup:
chkconfig iptables off
The commands for controlling the firewall may differ depending on the Linux distribution.
Note that an external firewall, ACL settings on Cisco or SELinux may be other reasons for lack of UDP connectivity.
Finally, check the detailed state of the SS7 MTP2 links:
Router#show ss7 mtp2 state
SS7 MTP2 states for channel 0
Protocol version for channel 0 is ITU-T Q.703 (1996) (White Book)
MTP2LSC_INSERVICE MTP2IAC_IDLE
MTP2TXC_INSERVICE MTP2RC_INSERVICE
MTP2SUERM_MONITORING MTP2AERM_IDLE
MTP2CONGESTION_IDLE
Congestion Backhaul = Abate
Remote Processor Outage = FALSE
SS7 MTP2 states for channel 1
Protocol version for channel 1 is ITU-T Q.703 (1996) (White Book)
MTP2LSC_OOS MTP2IAC_IDLE
MTP2TXC_INSERVICE MTP2RC_IDLE
MTP2SUERM_IDLE MTP2AERM_IDLE
MTP2CONGESTION_IDLE
Congestion Backhaul = Abate
Remote Processor Outage = FALSE
In the above example channel 0 is aligned (MTP2LSC_INSERVICE) while channel 1 is paused (MTP2LSC_OOS) from the Yate side. Resuming link2 without an active MTP2 at the other end results in:
Router#show ss7 mtp2 state 1
SS7 MTP2 states for channel 1
Protocol version for channel 1 is ITU-T Q.703 (1996) (White Book)
MTP2LSC_INITIAL_ALIGNM MTP2IAC_NOT_ALIGNED
MTP2TXC_INSERVICE MTP2RC_INSERVICE
MTP2SUERM_IDLE MTP2AERM_IDLE
MTP2CONGESTION_IDLE
Congestion Backhaul = Abate
Remote Processor Outage = FALSE
In this case the link tries to align but didn't succeed yet (MTP2IAC_NOT_ALIGNED).
Status on Yate
The state of Cisco SLT links is displayed in rmanager just like any type of link:
status sig links %%+status:sig links module=sig,format=Type|Status;count=2;link1=cisco-slt|Normal Alignment,link2=cisco-slt|Out Of Alignment %%-status
You can also use the Wireshark (former Ethereal) network protocol analyzer to check the communication at IP level. You will need to manually select one of the UDP packets and "Decode As..." RUDP from the Right Click menu.
If a graphical environment is not installed you can use the tshark text mode component of Wireshark to get a rough overview of the signaling:
tshark -n -d udp.port==4000,rudp
You can add on the command line above to filter output:
- -R sm (Display only RUDP containing SM)
- -R sm.len!=0 (Display only SM containing commands or MTP2)
Other configuration steps
Other documentation
Detailed documentation about SLT is available directly from Cisco:
